Property Value at Risk

Course Outline

Property Value at Risk (PVaR) covers the fundamentals of property risk, discusses what is unique about appraising and disclosing property, and using PVaR for portfolio construction, property management and capital adequacy assessment.

Who The Course is For

  • Property investors and occupiers
  • Solvency II Assessors
  • Property valuers and accountants
  • Users of property derivatives
  • Real estate security analysts

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Prior Knowledge:

Property Investments, Value at Risk measures and Excel.


This program is eligible for 16 Continuing Education credit hours from the CFA Institute. If you are a CFA Institute member, CE credit for your participation in this program will be automatically recorded in your CE Diary.


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Day One

Introduction and Revised Course Outline


Solvency II & Swiss Solvency Test Requirements
Overall View of Property in Insurance Portfolios
PVaR Problems
Sensitivity Analysis (Shocks)
Risk Mitigation

Value at Risk: Theory and Examples

  • Conventional VaR
  • Expected Shortfall
  • Portfolio VaR
  • Linear Model Adjustments for Options
  • Monte Carlo Simulations

Workshop: Var in Excel

Liquidity Risk in Properties

  • Three Liquidity VaR Measures
  • Guide to Recent Developments
  • Herd Mentality & Illiquidity

Workshop: L-PVaR Calculations (Excel)

Day Two

Desmoothing Property Appraisal Indices

  • Zero Serial Correlation
  • Blend REIT & Appraisal Indices
  • Reverse Engineering
  • Multifactor Adjustments
  • Other Approaches

PVaR For Embedded Real Options

  • PVaR for Landlord and Tenant Options
  • PVaR for Stages of a Property Development
  • Sensitivity of PVaR to V and Volatility Changes

Workshop: PVaR for Embedded Options and for Hedging (Excel)

PVaR Case Studies

  • Estimating Volatility for US Direct Apartments
  • PVaR for Portfolios of US Apartment REITS
  • PVaR for European Rent Restricted Apartments

Workshop: Capital requirement simulations (Excel)

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